Evaluation of bioactive properties and antioxidant capacity of native and imported pomegranate fruit bark (Punica granatum, L) cultivars found in Algeria

Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit endowed with therapeutic properties that is widely consumed as fresh fruit. Several works have demonstrated how this fruit acts as antioxidant, antidiabetic. The aim of this review was to present an overview of the functional properties of this fruit, which is a contribution to the valorization in a medical, industrial and pharmaceutical context of pomegranate peel relying on the evaluation of natural compounds which can be beneficial for the consumer. Pomegranate peels varieties were chosen in this study. The morphological studies were conducted in different varieties according to the geographical location, such as Italy Wonderful (E1), France Provence (E2), Morocco Sefri (E3) and two local varieties Algerian (L1) and ( L2) respectively, Skikda and Sidi Bel Abbés local variety, were subjected to extraction using the solvent (water and ethanol). The extraction yield, antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP test) and total phenolic contents, flavonoids and tanins were evaluated. Highest yield was obtained from 70 % ethanol: in local Skikda variety (L1) (33.7 %). The results also showed that the extract of pomegranate skin Punica granatum L. is very rich in total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins respectively obtained for the variety of France with values of (270,14 ± 11,04 mg EAG / g) and (30.84 ± 4.66 mg EC / g) (22.67 ± 2.51 mg EAG / g). Our results reveal that all the extracts have a good antioxidant activity whose IC50 varies between 35,90 ± 26,62 and 121,63 ± 0,77 μg / ml compared to the different varieties studied. The pomegranate bark is rich in potassium, an important source of polyphenols, which are nutritional components found in plants that actively fight against free radicals.