Significance of reconstructing the stereomodel of the radiocarpal joint surface using 3-dimensional laser scanning technology

Abstract

A three-dimensional (3D) model of the radiocarpal joint can be reconstructed using computed tomography (CT) scanning nowadays. However, CT scanning cannot be performed in some specified conditions (e.g., the 3D movements of the wrist joint are influenced when a quantitative stress force was exerted on it by a biomaterial testing machine). Therefore, the aim of this study was to probe into the 3D modeling and new morphology research method used in articular cartilage surface by reconstructing the stereomodel of the articular cartilage surface with 3D laser scanning technology and anatomical techniques according to the anatomical traits of radiocarpal joint. When this method is adopted, the bone structure of the radiocarpal joint (radial bone, scaphoid bone lunate bone) need to be was pre-marked. A first, 3D laser scanning on the specimen and markers is conducted for the anatomical separation of the marked radius, scaphoid, and lunatum. Afterwards, a second 3D laser scanning was conducted after the soft tissues of the radial, scaphoid, and lunate bone surfaces were cleaned. The splicing processing of the scanned images was accomplished using the Geomagic Studio reverse engineering software with the generated point cloud data files, which can re-establish a 3D model of the radiocarpal articular cartilage surface. Through reconstruction using 3D laser scanning technology, the cartilage surfaces of the radial, scaphoid and lunate bones can be displayed vividly and clearly in single or combined stereoscopic display. The relation of the original position of the radiocarpal joint structure can also be reproduced accurately. Furthermore, the 3D movement parameters of the carpal bones can be calculated using software. The 3D stereomodel of the radiocarpal joint reconstructed by 3D scanning technology was close to its real form. The model can be used to conduct morphological measurement and calculate 3D movement parameter, thereby providing a new method for morphology and biomechanical analysis.