In vitro determination of genotoxic effects of sodium benzoate preservative on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

Abstract

Sodium Benzoate E211 was food preservatives which inhibits the microbial growth. The Genotoxic effect of sodium benzoate on human lymphocytes was studied by the using chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchanges assay. Lymphocytes were treated with three different concentration of sodium benzoate which was 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/ml. Sodium benzoate was significantly increase the level of chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchanges with compare to control (P < 0.05 ). Sodium benzoate was also decrease the index of cell cycle proliferation which can leads to cell cycle delay. Six types of structural aberration were observed which were as follows, Chromatid gap and breaks, Chromosome gap and break, Acentric fragment and Dicentric chromosome. Chromatid gaps were most frequent (75.62%) in all of this structural aberration. Sodium benzoate is Genotoxic for lymphocytes which can induce genomic instability.