Evaluation of bioactive compounds of two locally cultivated pokkali rice (Oryza sativa. L) varieties

Abstract

The present study was carried out to evaluate the bioactive compounds present in the salt tolerant land races of rice varieties viz., pokkali (pok) and chettivirippu (cv). The phytochemical analyses indicated that the rice bran extracts have biologically active compounds such as alkaloids, phenols, tannins, quinones, flavonoids and anthocyanins. pok and  cv rice varieties contains 29.2±1.43% and 32±1.12%  carbohydrate respectively. Amylose is a non-nutritional  polysaccharide and is of great importance in high starch rice varieties, the pok contains 23.2±1.31% and cv contains 6.4±0.03% amylose. The protein is another nutritional component and were 3.28±0.16g and 4.88±0.19g in pok and cv respectively. The total phenolic content of pok and cv (260 and 235 mg of gallic acid equivalent/ g of extract respectively) were high.  In addition nutritionally important trace elements such as Copper, Zinc, Manganese, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrogen, Boron, Potassium and Phosphorous concentration were significantly high in these two rice varieties. The active principles of pok and cv showed microbicidal property against E. coli. The results indicate that both pok and cv contains higher levels of nutritionally important compounds hence the varieties should be conserved for the cultivation even if the yield is less.